Dear Friends,
"Will the new Pope, Pope Francis, change the Church’s position on things such
as abortion? Will he change Church teaching on sexual morality?" These and similar questions I received in the days and weeks
following the election of the first Pope from the New World.
Most Catholics know what the answers are. But some, and many others who ask these questions, do not.
The questions and misunderstanding about the
teaching authority of the Pope oftentimes grow out of the idea that what
we are talking about is public policy, much like the government having
policy on immigration, gun control, health care. Catholic teaching on
matters of faith and morals is very different. It is not man-made
policy or a position that results from majority rule; it is not the
Pope’s opinion or personal policy preferences. It is
revealed truth that is not open to change by human beings.
In
a society and culture where personal freedom is viewed as absolute and
individual independence is presented as autonomy from objective right
and wrong, or from our relationship and obligations to one another, it
is easy to see why the Church is often labeled as archaic, oppressive
and even discriminatory. Yet the fact remains the
Ten Commandments,
for example, are as obligatory today as they were nearly 2,000 years
ago when Jesus confirmed their validity and as they were 3,000 years ago
when King David knew he was bound by them, even when he violated them,
or centuries earlier when Moses presented them. These Commandments
remain valid because they are revealed moral truth and, far from being
oppressive, the truth sets us free, as Jesus taught us (
John 8:32).
Yes,
there are some Church laws that can be changed. The prohibition
against eating meat on Fridays was a man-made Church law. It could be
and was changed. In some parts of the world there are holy days of
obligation, different from those that we follow in the United States.
These are man-made Church laws that can be, and sometimes are, changed.
What cannot be changed is that core of the
Judeo-Christian tradition rooted in God’s revelation and expressed in
commandments such as You shall not kill, You shall not commit adultery,
You shall not bear false witness, You shall not steal.
The Church simply cannot declare that abortion
is acceptable or a good thing, no matter how popular that cultural
belief might be, even among some Catholics. It cannot simply announce
that there are no moral parameters to human sexual activity. Neither
the Pope, nor bishops, nor a majority of faithful can declare that the
unjust taking of what belongs to others – stealing – is morally
acceptable or a good thing.
To understand Catholic teaching,
we have to go back to the very beginning – to God’s revelation of who
God is and, therefore, who we are and how we are to live.
Among the gifts that we have received in our
created human nature is the natural light of human reason. The beauty
of creation and the wonder of the world speak to us of a creative power
far beyond us, of a God who creates with great order and majesty. Built
into creation is an order that we simply do not have the power to
dismiss. Fret as we might, the law of gravity binds us to the earth.
We also are aware of the voice of conscience.
There is a moral law every bit as binding as physical laws. This
insistent call to goodness which we hear in our heart is the voice of
conscience. It is a manifestation of the presence of God within us.
Through
human reason it is possible to know from the world that God exists and
that there is a way of life particular to human beings that
distinguishes us from beasts. However, so that we do not have to rely
on our limited human experience alone, lest we be confused, God speaks
to us directly. God reveals himself to us through the events of
salvation history and through the words of the prophets. Most of all,
he has spoken to us through his Son, Jesus Christ, the Word made flesh.
This happens so that we might firmly respond to God’s love and call
with a “Yes” of faith.
The knowledge of God that grows out of faith is
far more complete and reliable than any other knowledge we have. It is
based not merely on the strength of human insight and interpretation,
but on God himself. As Jesus taught us, “Anyone who hears these words
and acts on them will be like a wise man who built his house on rock.
The rain fell, the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that
house, but it did not fall, because it had been founded on rock” (
Matthew 7:24-25).
The task of authentically interpreting the word
of God has been entrusted exclusively to the Church’s living teaching
office, the bishops in communion with the Pope, the Successor of Peter.
The Church’s authority in this matter is exercised in Jesus’ name (
Catechism of the Catholic Church 85 and
Dei Verbum
10). Thus, we begin to see why it is that Pope Francis, or any Pope
for that matter, cannot simply change Church teaching. It is not his to
alter. His task is to pass it on. “Tradition” means “handing on” and
the Church is responsible for passing on faithfully all that it has
received from the Lord. Bishops and those who assist them in teaching
the word of God are to
pass on the saving message of Christ in its entirety.
So, will the
Pope
change the teaching of the Catholic Church in matters of faith and
morality? The short answer is no, he will not because he cannot.
Ultimately,
this answer makes sense only to those who are prepared to accept that
God has broken the silence of the human condition and spoken to us. For
those of us who do believe that the Word of God has come into our
world, the faithfulness of the Pope and bishops to Divine Revelation is a
cause of profound reassurance. We come to know that God loves us so
fully and completely that he offers us real freedom and eternal life, if
we will only accept God’s word, believe it and live it.
With every good wish I am,
Faithfully in Christ,
Donald Cardinal Wuerl
Archbishop of Washington