We are now in a position to answer the question: Is Francis a public and notorious heretic through notoriety of fact? If so, does that mean he is not the pope?
(Rorate Caeli) — At least since the Synod of the Family in 2014, much concern has been expressed about words and actions of Francis that do not seem compatible with the Catholic faith. These words and actions have been exhaustively examined and discussed. This process of examination and discussion has been taken as far as it can usefully go. It is now imperative to consider the consequences of these words and actions for Francis and for the Catholic Church. These consequences depend on whether or not Francis must be considered a heretic in the light of what he has said and done. There are theological and legal questions that need to be determined in order to do this; when these determinations have been completed, they can be applied to the facts. This essay proposes to carry out these tasks.
The nature of heresy
The term “heresy” can refer to a proposition, to a personal sin, or to a public crime. A heretical proposition is one that puts in question or denies some divinely revealed truth. “Jesus Christ did not rise bodily from the dead” and “It is uncertain if Mary was a virgin at the time that she gave birth to Christ” are heresies in this sense.
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